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Glossary : N

Naphthalene

A member of the carcinogenic benzene family derived from coal tar or made synthetically. Known to bioaccumulate in marine organisms, naphthalene causes allergic skin reactions and cataracts, alters kidney function and is extremely toxic to children.

Found in: Conventional deodorizers, carpet cleaners, toilet deodorizers.

Naphthas

(See petroleum distillates)

National Toxicology Program

A program of the Department of Health and Human Services created in 1978 to coordinate toxicology testing programs within the federal government, strengthen the science base in toxicology, develop and validate improved testing methods, and provide information about potentially toxic chemicals to health, regulatory, and research agencies, scientific and medical communities, and the public.

Nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA)

A compound now replacing phosphates in detergents.

No Observable Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)

An exposure level at which there are no statistically or biologically significant increases in the frequency or severity of adverse effects between the exposed population and its appropriate control; some effects may be produced at this level, but they are not considered as adverse, or as precursors to adverse effects. In an experiment with several NOAELs, the regulatory focus is primarily on the highest one, leading to the common usage of the term NOAEL as the highest exposure without adverse effects.

Nonyl Phenoxy Ethoxylate

(See alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanols)

Nonyl-phenol

(See alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanols)

nutritional additives

Additives, such as vitamins and minerals, used to increase a food's health benefits. Most of the time, they are added to restore the nutrients that are lost when a food is processed

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