Fatty acid Alkanol Amides/Amines

These surfactants are made by reacting an ethanolamine with a fatty acid obtained from either synthetic petroleum sources or natural vegetable oils. (Most fatty acids are produced synthetically as this method is currently less expensive.) Fatty acid alkanol amides can react with materials in the environment to form nitrosamines (see diethanolamines above).

Found in: Conventional shampoos and conditioners, liquid cleansers, and polishes.

Fatty Acid Diethanolamines

(See cocamide DEA)

flavoring

Artificial or natural additives used to enhance taste because, during processing, a food’s natural flavors are lost. Or flavors may be used to replace a real food ingredient. For example, fruit drinks may contain flavor additives instead of real fruit juice.

food color

An additive used to change or enhance the color of a food item. Any color additive derived from natural sources, such as animals (including insects), fruits, vegetables or minerals, is exempt from FDA certification; but most must meet defined criteria for specifications and purity. Only nine synthetic colors are allowed for use in food, but industry prefers them — synthetic colors are unflavored, consistent and cheaper to produce. Synthetic colors are derived from coal tar, a petroleum product.

Formaldehyde

Although not common as a primary ingredient, formaldehyde is present as a contaminant in many consumer household products. It is an extremely potent carcinogen and respiratory irritant and may appear as a preservative. Products containing this chemical should be considered unacceptable.

Found in: Conventional deodorizers, disinfectants, germicides, adhesives, permanent press fabrics, particleboard.

fungicide

A substance the kills fungi, such as molds, mildew, rusts, blight. Fungicides are used outdoors to prevent and treat disease in the garden and on the farm. They may be used on foods to prevent mold growth during transport and storage. Indoors, fungicides are used prevent or control the growth of mold and other fungi in building and decorative products.